Intercultural communication( this is the course I'm studying, not the Assignment - 1

Intercultural communication( this is the course I'm studying, not the topic) - Assignment Example On my arrival, I noticed I did not know anyone and all those in attendance were Chinese and I do not know even know a single Spanish word. I knew this was going to be very hard for me because of the language barrier. All eyes were on me and I felt even more uncomfortable. I knew everyone expected me to introduce myself since I looked just out place. I did not know if responding with a nod would be considered disrespectful, but it was my only option. I had seen in Chinese movies that when they greeted each other they bowed as a sign of respect, I was going to collaborate with nodding with hopes of not embarrassing myself. Finally, someone came to the door and introduced herself to me in Chinese I nodded and I bowed slightly. She bowed too, and asked me to come in, in English. I felt so relieved and I explained to her that I did not know Chinese. She laughed and told me that I was in luck that she was there since no one else in the family spoke English. She explained to me that when she introduces me to the mourners it is respectful to stand up, smile, and look at them with ease and after the introduction; I could shake hands (Kao, 9). She introduced me as her cousin’s friend and explained that I did not know Chinese or anything to do with their culture. They looked at me with smiley faces with some even giggling and this made feel very much at ease. After the service, I took time to talk to her and she told me a few things about her culture including how to use chopsticks. I regretted not taking an interest to learn the language or even to know how to say hi when my friend was still alive. I learnt a lot at that burial and it created an interest to study the Chinese language. I in return taught them a few things about our culture and our food. I realized that there is always something new and interesting in other cultures. If people would take more time to learn about each

Was WWI caused by the operation or breakdown of the balance of power Essay

Was WWI caused by the operation or breakdown of the balance of power - Essay Example Introduction: The original traces of world war one can be stretched back to the events of 17th and 18th century. Major players in this account were the Ottoman Empire, Russia, Great Britain, France, Germany and numerous others. Each had its own significance on account of the strategic importance enjoyed or the military and other strengths. The Ottoman Empire had its own account of strengths and it served as the center figure in the entire proceedings of the European affairs. Brief Background: France had become a potent force ever since the era of Napoleon. The Napoleon wars had created unrest of its own kind in form of the geographical disturbances of the maps of Europe. Germany had its own account of tale and history. Great Britain had enjoyed supremacy and history of excellence in recent centuries in its own manner and as a result, this situation resulted in a situation and environment of rivalry and animosity against one another. Allies and Central Powers: Based on the interests, rivalries, soft corners and direct and hidden motives against one another the Europe ended up getting divided into two distinct blocs. The Allies that made up for one strong army and team of nations, in contrast to them was the Central powers that were driven by the ambitions of ending the status quo. The Allies contained the likes of Great Britain, France and Russia, while the Central powers included the Germans, the Austrians, and Ottoman Empire as the three big players. As a result of this broad and visible division, the European continent was split up into two distinct blocs with the continent itself on the verge of a military offensive and launching against the other camp through the mere excuse of military and personal damages. The case of Ottoman Empire: Ottoman Empire reached its zenith in the middle of 15th century when it captured Constantinople in 1453 (Turnbull, 2012, 37). It saw the first halt in its proceedings in 1682-1683 when it was stopped in its offensives against the Europeans notably Hungry, Austria and Poland. Since that time on Ottoman Empire and the Porte kept getting inflicted with all kinds of issues and problems. The Porte was faced with problems from the governors designated in different parts of the entire kingdom that was spread across multiple continents, on others it was on account of the issues with Russia. The case of Holy Places: Holy places were point of interest for various subjects. The holy places came about in form of the Palestine and Jerusalem. The Porte had the custody of these places and he would from time to time assign the custody and guardianship from one set of subjects to other interchangeable shifting between the Protestants and the Catholics. The shift over took place between the Latin Catholics guardians and the Greek monks who demanded the custody. France and Russia were split apart over the rivalry and interest in this matter. Both had political motives against it which they presented, expressed and aimed a t protecting through the cry, slogan and garb of religious interests. The French were siding with the Latin followers who demanded the custody, while the Russians sided with the Protestant Greek Monks. In recent times on account of negligence the Porte had decided to handover the guardianship and custody on the account of negligence by one of the party. This gave rise to political debate and political point scoring form a religious matter and

Stratetgic Management Report On Loreal

Stratetgic Management Report On Loreal LOreal was started by Eugene Schueller who was a French chemist who came out with a bright idea of hair colour formula Aureole. He was so innovative that he created his own products and sell it to Parisian hairdressers. The company was enrolled in 1909. Gradually he took off the market with his latest product which coloured the hair properly. It was in 1939, when the whole team named the company LOreal and constructed the headquarters in Paris. The headquarters were highly equipped with the latest technologies and machines. The experimenters had a great time working in the laboratories which made beauty products In terms of research and development LOreal every year promotes 100 of new formulas and almost 500 patents. The company is said to be the dean in the research patterns in the cosmetic company. The famous slogan because I m worth it was first started in 1971 in the United States the better sales of the hair colours which LOreal produced. Today it has almost 500 manufacturing plants all over the world which is operating in a very fast pace. Because I m worth it has become the tagline for LOreal which is known across the globe in different languages. Strategic Profile SWOT Analysis Talking about our strength LOreal has the best brand image till date. It has 586 patents for research and development. Products which are produced are very diversified and not to forget it has a very strong corporate social responsibility policy. While we talk about the opportunities LOreal has a very good chance of emerging with different market in developing countries. As we all know that everyone today is skin conscious thats the reason why cosmetic market is a boom and if LOreal makes the best out of this than they are a hit in the industry. There are few threats that LOreal might face are the upcoming local players which are emerging in the new market expansion. Brand cannibalization is also the biggest threat for LOreal in this competitive world. PORTERS FIVE FORCES Porter has stated five different competitive forces that every industry uses for the good profit of the organization. The combined effort of all five forces will help the industry to go on a profit margin. He has also stated that these five forces bring stability in any organization. The capacity of the buyers at LOreal is very high because there are number of products and every organization is trying their best to please the customers with their service. At loreal the bargaining power of the dealers are really low because LOreal has achievements of brand. It always has a long term and active relationship with the dealers. Destruction clash in any of the beauty industry is expected. They are a lot of cosmetic company which are trying to come up to LOreals position but the most dominant competitor are Unilever and Procton and Gamble. The threat of new company coming up is very less because it is really hard for any company to start up from the scratch and come up to the worlds largest giant in no time . PEST ANALYSIS Every organization must follow some strategy for their growth and existence in the business. LOreal also follows the PEST analysis because they believe that it will help the business to run smoothly in the present and future. Political Analysis As we all know that LOreal is a giant multinational company which has been spread out to different countries. So the set of rules, laws, legislation and business practices differ from one country to another and the company must follow the law of the country they operate in. Economical Analysis Today the economical status of any country are a little on the lower side so LOreal may see a lack of consumer demand on their products and the company has to follow the government plan to make the companies economy a little high. Social Analysis We have seen LOreals advertisements always done by some celebrities so that might cause problem for LOreal because the ordinary people think that celebrities are just doing those advertisements for popularity or for money. Technological Analysis As we all know that the world today operates in a very high technology world so LOreal also needs to keep up to the change in order to make a market position in the mind of consumers. Strategic Position: Strategic Capabilities Physical Resources: LOreal produces all types of cosmetics products for both men and women. It is a very fast growing company which plans to open more outlets in India. Till date LOreal has always done good sales at every part of the world where they have retail stores. Financial resources: LOreal sales for the year 2011 were 20.3 billons and 613 patents were filed. Human resources: LOreal has 60,000 employees from all across the world. The company looks for employees who are willing to live up to the brand standards and expectation. They also want the employees to be assets for the brand in the future and most importantly raise the profit margin for the company. Core Competencies: The most important core competency of LOreal is its product innovation. LOreal is always looking for that extra something in their product. The company devotes the maximum time in research and development. The products which finally come out have gone through a lot of research because LOreal believes in research a lot. The Strategic Position: Strategic Purpose Vision LOreal wants to be a company which is environment friendly and a company which is economically successful. And a workplace where employees love to work in harmony. Mission The companys mission is to produce products which will be liked and accepted by all the new and old customers. It wishes to be a brand which will be every ones choice starting from youngsters to old generation ladies. Corporate Social Responsibility LOreal is listed as one of the Top 50 Socially Responsible Corporations, according to Mecleans.Ca in June 2010 (Top 50 Socially Responsible Corporation). LOreal is devoted to an eco-responsible work model and is courteous of their social and environmental responsibilities. LOreal has showcased that they are committed to being socially responsible, by aiding HIV/AIDS awareness, coining safe and environmentally friendly manufacturing plants and their endless commitment of making efforts to go green has directed to the construction of environmentally free from harm goods. They are even working on discarding animal testing is one of their main goals. At the end, providing growth opportunity and advocating female leaders within the organization and their dedication to women in science are few ways LOreal flaunts their oath to social responsibility. (By Litmissme Mar 2012) Value Chain Analysis Value chain analysis is a very important tool in any organization to function properly. It helps to describe the machines, equipments, money and people but only the proper and effective use of all this resources will help activities that are taking place in or around the organization. All companies have the company to produce a product and please the customers. Inbound logistics Arranging the scope of products of sales outlets and promising continuing customers comfort there is an important goal of LOreal. In this aspect, logistics group regularly collude with suppliers to boost the companys shared performance in the field in a deep rooted manner. (www.loreal.com) As one of the leading brands in the cosmetics and beauty industry, LOreal USA is aware that customer loyalty is planted on trust and corporate responsibility. From goods quality to sustainability acts to supply chain security, LOreal is devoted to living up to customer expectations. As part of that commitment to safety and in its role as a large-volume shipper, LOreal lately brought about an innovative carrier-vetting program that helps to ensure that it uses only safe contract carriers to haul its freight. (By Cindy H.Dubin Oct 2011) Operations In this step the raw materials are gathered together and a product is formed. LOreal has 37 cosmetic plants each one has a very different technology. LOreals policy is to produce products very close to the market so that they can have good relation with the suppliers. (Anon., n.d.) Outbound Logistics In this stage the products which are produced in the manufacturing plants are delivered to retailers, suppliers, different outlets and the customers. LOreal has different manufacturing plants in different countries so if they have to send products to other regions than they normally use transportation. Marketing and sales In this stage the products are ready to be sold out to customers so the company makes different marketing scheme to sell the product. This is what LOreal states Creativity is the air we breathe it nourishes our inspiration and shapes our ideas, enabling us to launch 500 new products every year. At LOreal, marketing which fine-tunes these ideas is right at the heart of our strategy. (Anon., n.d.) Services In this stage the company looks into the after service of the products. LOreal particularly does not have any after service but they make sure that the customers go back home with a smile on their face with their products. Procurement In this stage the company purchases raw materials for business at the best price they can. LOreal thinks that exchanging is the best procurement to keep the company running. (smith, n.d.) Technology Development LOreal has a very good technology department at their company. In todays competitive world internet is a must for all employees at work at all times. Technology can be used in many ways and LOreal is also using high end technology to produce their products. Human resource management In this stage the company has to recruit, train and develop the right people for the organization to run smoothly. LOreal looks for someone who is right for the organization because that person has to work with 60,000 employees of more than 100 nationalities. The HR department at LOreal looks for someone who will respect the organizations value and ethics with time. (Anon., n.d.) Firm Infrastructure In order to run properly for any organization the management team should be very good. The infrastructure of the organization should also be strong. LOreal has a very strong organizational chart which is headed by the chairperson than 4 managing directors for different market segments and other stakeholders. Corporate Level Strategy Everyone has always seen LOreal as one of the glamorous, glittery and the most wanted brands of cosmetics in the world. Far away from the cosmetic counters, LOreal is walking the walk when it comes to its corporate values of diversity, innovation and individual talent. (Anon., 2008) Business Level Strategy In this level the company makes policies on how to make their product more friendly to the customers and become consumers best choice. Likewise LOreal targets to gain 1 billon consumers by 2020. The company is really working hard to make this happen. For example LOreal has been expanding its market to developing countries like Mexico and India where the purchasing power of the consumers are really high and the company is going at the right track to achieve its target. LOreal has also looked upon the grooming part of men these days. They have been promoting different products through social media and amazingly the products are being purchased at a good scale. And the most recent innovation that LOreal is focusing is they have put forwarded a deal to buy the makeup brand Urban Decay. Critical Theme The process of transforming any idea or thought into a products which is valued or the customers are ready to pay for is known as innovation. (Anon., n.d.) Innovation plays a very important role in the growth and well being of a business. Innovation in a company improves every department in a positive way. Innovation is not necessary to be a big one it can be a small one but has to be effective and a good one for the company. Innovation at LOreal is happening every now and then. The company has a different department for innovation and research. LOreal is successful in innovations because they are able to achieve both long term and short term goals. (mturilin, 2009) Customer Perspective For the smooth running of any company or organization the customers wants, needs and wishes should be looked after. If the wants and needs of the customers are not meet than there is no use of spending so much to produce any products. Before manufacturing any product a market research should be done in order to be aware of the demand of the buyers. The team at LOreal is very particular about the wants and needs of the market. They always do a market research before any product is launched. Conclusion We can without any doubt say that LOreal is the top cosmetic brand in the world today because it has used all the necessary strategies and policies which help in the wellbeing of the organization. It has a lot of innovative skills because of the employees from different parts of the world who have come together as a team and worked together to achieve that target for the organization. LOreal is the right choice for every lady all across the globe. It is very vast and the product ranges from hair colours to nail polish at any retail outlets across the road.

Holocaust at Auschwitz :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"It is hope that compels man to hold on for one more day of life, because that day maybe the day of liberation. Ah, and not even the hope for a different, better world, but simply for life, a life of peace and rest. Never before in the history of mankind had hope been stronger than man, but never also has it done so much harm as it has in this war, in this concentration camp. We were never taught how to give up hope, and this is why today we parish in gas chambers.† – Borowski We often wonder what the reasons for the concentration camps were? We sit back in our nice warm home with our families at our side, and watch on the History Channel all of the documentaries on the holocaust, and we ask ourselves many questions one of the most important is ‘Why?’. One question I always ask myself is, ‘Could it happen again, but not just to Jews but to Americans?’. Many people shun the thought of it, but sooner or later we will hav e to face reality that it could happen, despite our brute military force, there is no telling what will happen from day to day. The one question I am going to answer is, ‘How much do you actually know about Auschwitz?’.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of my research was done by reading interviews that have been done with survivors. It was very awful what happened to many of the people and their families, along with the experiments that they did with the camp prisoners. Could you imagine seeing your family one minute, being told they were going to the showers, then never see them again? Then one day told to go through the laundry and finding your loved ones clothing, but, no body to go with it? That was everyday life at Auschwitz. The most medical of all the killing methods was the phenol injection, which was institutionalized during the relatively early phases of Auschwitz. Many other camps used gas, then burned the bodies, because they had no room nor time to dig graves for the thousands of people they killed everyday. Mass grave yards were not unpopular though. The definition for the word holocaust is â€Å"Great destruction resulting in the extensive loss of life, especially by fire.† And what ha ppened during the second world war was very much a holocaust.

Unit 4, Case Study 4 Skin Cancer

I have researched many different Web-cites and articles to try and determine what role genetics plays in skin cancer. Yes there are certain genetic mutations that are inherited, or passed through the germ-line, but the main cause of skin cancer is UV radiation which is an environmental genetic defect. Many cancers begin when one or more genes in a cell are mutated, creating an abnormal protein or no protein at all. The information provided by an abnormal protein is different from that of a normal protein, which can cause cells to multiply uncontrollably and become cancerous.CDKN2A- mutations in this regulator of cell division are the most common causes of inherited melanoma. They are however still very uncommon overall and can appear in non-inherited cases. People who have this often have a large number of irregularly shaped moles and are often diagnosed at a relatively young age. The MC1R gene provides instructions for making a protein called the melanocortin 1 receptor. The recepto r is primarily located on the surface of melanocytes, which are specialized cells that produce a pigment called melanin. Melanin is the substance that gives skin, hair and eyes their color.Melanocytes makes two forms of melanin, Eumelanin and Pheomelanin. The amounts of these two pigments help determine the hair color and skin usually the more Eumelanin the darker the hair and skin, also will tan easily. It also protects the skin from UV radiation in the sunlight. The more Pheomelanin the hair is red or blonde, freckles, and light skin that tans poorly, because it does not protect the skin. Which puts them at risk for skin cancer. Many changes in the MC1R gene increase the risk of developing skin cancer, including a common, serious form of skin cancer that begins in melomcytes.Skin damage caused by UV radiation from the sun is a major risk factor for developing melanoma and other forms of skin cancer. These gene mutations germ-lines are passed from parent to child through the MC1R g ene but UV radiation is the highest risk factor for getting skin cancer, and the most common in the most common in skin cancers. People who are genetically susceptible to skin cancer should avoid prolong exposure to the UV radiation from sun light, wear sun screen, and enough protective clothing when outside.

Silic Case

Accy 510 Silic Case Homework Assignment Name: Yue (Josie) Deng Date: June 11, 2012 #1 On 01/01/2003, Silic should record the one-off, fair-value revaluation as result of its adoption of SIIC tax regime. Because the building was appraised at â‚ ¬12,500 and originally bought at â‚ ¬10,000, the firm needs to make a journal entry to account for this increase in value 01/01/2003 Buildings & Landâ‚ ¬2,500 Revaluation Surplusâ‚ ¬2,500 * Land & Building = â‚ ¬12,500 – â‚ ¬10,000 = â‚ ¬2,500 * As we learned in class from reading Silic’s financial statements, 82. % of the unrealized gains from revaluation will flow to the Revaluation Surplus account and 17. 1% will flow to the Other Creditors account. * â‚ ¬2,500 * 82. 9% = â‚ ¬2,072 * â‚ ¬2,500 * 17. 1% = â‚ ¬428 * However, in this particular case, we combine the two accounts for simplicity purposes. On 12/31/2003, Silic need to record a depreciation expense on the building. 12/31/2003 Charge to Depreciationâ‚ ¬500 Depreciation & Provisions â‚ ¬500 Revaluation Surplus â‚ ¬100 Consolidated Reservesâ‚ ¬100 * As given in the question, the depreciation expense is â‚ ¬500.Silic depreciates its office and buildings on a straight-line basis. We can deduce the useful life of this particular building is 25 years (â‚ ¬12,500/â‚ ¬500 = 25 years). * The company also needs to amortize the revaluation surplus it originally recorded in response to the fair value revaluation based on the useful life of the building. â‚ ¬2,500/25 years = â‚ ¬100. The amortized amount moved to consolidated reserves (retained earnings). On 01/01/2004, Silic sold the building at â‚ ¬12,000 in cash. 01/01/2004 Cash â‚ ¬12,000 Depreciation & Provisions â‚ ¬2,900 Building & Land â‚ ¬12,500Gains on Disposal â‚ ¬2,400 Revaluation Surplusâ‚ ¬2,400 Consolidated Reserves â‚ ¬2,400 * The firm received â‚ ¬12,000 in cash by disposing the asset. The net value of the buil ding was â‚ ¬9,600 (â‚ ¬12,500 – â‚ ¬2,900 = â‚ ¬9,600). Thus, the firm sold the building at a gain of â‚ ¬2,400. * In addition, the firm needs to clear the revaluation surplus of this building to zero, and move the amount to consolidated reserves. #2 a) On 12/31/2012, Silic demolishes a fully-depreciated building. It needs to make the journal entry: 12/31/2012 Charge to Depreciation Depreciation and ProvisionDepreciation & Provision â‚ ¬64,000 Buildings & Landâ‚ ¬64,000 * The firm needs to first record the depreciation expense for the last year of the asset’s useful life. The amount cannot be determined by the given information provided in the question. * We also need to clear this particular building from the balance sheet by debiting Depreciation & Provision (contra-asset account) and crediting Building & Land. b) No, this would not produce a faithful representation of Silic’s activities for the building. We still need to amortize the rev aluation surplus for the last year.It would not be representational faithful if the remaining value of fair-value mark-up still sits in the Revaluation Surplus account, because the gain is already realized through the depreciation of the asset. We need to amortize the remaining surplus to consolidated reserves to show the event. Although this journal entry may not necessarily affect the value of total liabilities and equities, we still need to make sure to record this entry to provide investors with most representational faithful information. #3 01/01/2005 Buildings & Landâ‚ ¬93,863 Unrealized Gains on Land and Buildingsâ‚ ¬93,863 The number is calculated by subtracting the historical cost of land and buildings on exhibit 4 from the fair value of these assets on exhibit 4b. * â‚ ¬1,681,493 – (â‚ ¬1,139,063 + â‚ ¬448,567) = â‚ ¬93,863 #4 (a) From my point of view, cost accounting method provides more relevant information to investors. According to FAC No. 8 O bjectives of Financial Reporting, â€Å"relevant financial information is capable of making a difference in the decision made by users†. The two most important characteristics are the information’s predictive value and confirmatory value.As indicated in the case, Silic primarily competes in the French commercial-property market, which 72% (2004 data) of its earnings was derived from rental properties. As a result, its ordinary course of business centers around its leasing activities, and the fair market value of the properties is not a significant indicator of the company’s performance. Thus, the fluctuation in the value of properties should not materially affect investors’ decision making. Since the 1980s, the commercial property market of Paris and its surrounding region had experienced substantial upward and downward movements in the values of properties.If we incorporate the change in the fair market value into the computation of net income, Silicâ₠¬â„¢s bottom line would fluctuate significantly each year. However, the truth is â€Å"the French real estate and property management industry had been growing steadily at an average rate of 2. 8% per year. † The industry and the company have been on a steady growth trend. Investors would not be able capture the real picture of the operating performance of the company if it switched to fair market accounting of properties.Therefore, I support the company’s decision of measuring investment property using the cost model. This election provides more relevant information to investors with regards to the company’s operating performance. (b) I think historical cost accounting would present Silic in the most favorable light over time. As I discussed in part (a), the adoption of IAS no. 40 would require Silic to mark its investment properties to fair value during each reporting period, and report the gains and losses on its income statement.As indicated in the case, Fre nch real estate market had experienced substantial upward and downward movements in the value of properties. Thus, a probable outcome of fair value accounting would be a significant fluctuation in the firm’s bottom line during each reporting period. Fluctuations in net income signals great risk of the financial performance of an entity. A normal risk averse investors would not invest in an company that poses significant risk. Therefore, I believe historical cost accounting would present Silic in the most favorable light over time.

20 Tourism Research Paper Topics and Ideas

20 Tourism Research Paper Topics and Ideas Nowadays, tourism appears to be one of the most developing sciences to research and study. Over the last decades, the industry of travel and tourism has evolved significantly, increasing its pace of common development year by year. What is more, it shows promise for the growth in the nearest future as well, providing the existing professional and career domains within the discipline with considerable potential. Therefore, today, tourism includes travel for business, travel for pleasure, touring and its theoretical and practical principles, and business related to tourists, their attracting and entertaining. Besides, tourism has a straightforward relation to the business of developing and operating various tours and tourist routes, including both local and international areas. Thus, you may find a great number of tourism research paper topics and ideas to conduct research. To find a captivating topic and develop it into an informative and valuable tourism research paper, you may read related research papers and other literary works, look through specialized journals, and visit libraries. If there are some instructions for choosing a tourism research paper topic provided by the professor, it is necessary to follow them strictly. Besides, some professors provide their students with a list of topics to choose from. In this way, you should read this list attentively and pick up the most captivating topic to research. Topic and Ideas for Tourism Research Paper Below you can find examples of topics for Tourism Research Paper: 1. Theoretical and Methodological Signs of Progress in Social Media and Their Influence on Tourism Nowadays, social media has a significant influence on international society. A great variety of applications and related programs appeared in recent years and revolutionized the ways of conducting tourism business as more and more people choose a destination point online, grounding on the information provided by different people on social media platforms. Besides, people can interact online, creating large groups and travel together, following the routes of the professional travelers provided on different internet resources. In this way, trip reports, posts on traveling, or personal reviews have a considerable influence on tourism in general. Thus, it is possible to state that social media plays an important role in the development of theoretical and methodological processes in different spheres related to domestic and international tourism that also include tourism behavior and interaction between local and international markets. The research on the point may be based on a range of previous research papers, recent studies, and related statistical facts. 2. Horse Tourism in the USA A great variety of recreational activities includes communication with animals and horses in particular. Thus, communication with horses helps people to improve their emotional well-being and obtain a new positive experience of outdoor recreation. Therefore, horse tourism is one of the developing spheres that include the management of tourists, various host activities, and development of local farms. In addition, you may research related tourist businesses on the territory of the country and their economic and social influence on the local communities. 3. Entrepreneurship and Its Development in a Sphere of Tourism Because entrepreneurship is associated with significant opportunities, innovations, and recognition, the topic of businesses behavior patterns in tourism provides a lot of captivating facts and figures to research and evaluate. Today, entrepreneurship in tourism has a straightforward relation to social issues and their solutions, introducing important innovations, and opening new economic perspectives to different regions. As a result, you may ground your research on entrepreneurship behavioral patterns in tourism and other spheres and evaluate the influence of the entrepreneurship on the development of local communities, providing the audience with the supportive facts and pieces of evidence. 4. Wildlife Activities in Tourism Wildlife activities become more and more popular among tourists from all around the globe. People like to be in touch with the natural environment and discover new beautiful places. What is interesting, the most popular of these activities are fishing and hunting. Because these activities tend to develop, they provide considerable ground for the tourism research paper. To conduct good research, you may use statistical facts, discuss popular wildlife activities and programs, and evaluate their influence on tourism in the region. 5. Nordic Tourism and Its Distinctive Features Nordic tourism is a special category of tourism popular among people who love nature and are not afraid of extreme weather conditions. Nordic tourism is completely different from tourism in luxurious hotels, providing people with the opportunity to focus more on the active rest. Thus, in this research paper, you may discuss and evaluate similarities and unique features of Nordic tourism to tourism in Europe or Asia and provide analogies with the development of tourism in other countries, which are popular among tourists. 6. Heritage Tourism in Europe In this research paper, you may evaluate the development of heritage tourism in different European countries. For sure, it is important to discuss the most attractive places for heritage tourism in these countries and evaluate the impact of this type of tourism on the economic and social spheres within these territories. The aim of this paper may be to keep the focus on the aesthetic dimension of heritage tourism and discover some potential links between aesthetical and contribution aspects of the particular historical places. 7. The Development of Sustainable Tourism Sustainable tourism has been developing at a fast pace, attracting more and more tourists to participate in it. Responsible consideration represented by related tourism companies towards the natural environment meets the demand for ecological tourism, allowing people to evaluate challenges caused by significant climate changes. Therefore, in this research paper, you may discuss demand perspectives on sustainable tourism and provide a theoretical and practical evaluation of its contributions to the local and international communities. 8. Wilderness Tourism and Its Influence on the Economy of Different Regions Wild territories attract a great variety of tourists and help to develop domestic tourism in many regions. Because the flow of tourist has a considerable influence on the development of the economy of these regions, this topic is great for a tourism research paper. By conducting this research, you may focus on the sustainability of this type of tourism, management of the wild territories, and the influence of the wilderness tourism on the development of particular regions. 9. Competitive Features in Tourism In this research paper, you may discuss the main trends of the competitiveness in tourism and evaluate the related issues. Today, tourism companies introduce more and more new approaches to attract clients from all over the world, develop new routes, and decrease travel costs to the lowest possible level. Therefore, the main competitive features are a connection with agents, optimization of the websites and related blogs, and considerable investments in advertisements and video marketing. The information for this research paper may be found in specialized books and journal articles. 10. Health Tourism, Its Development, and Current Trends In this research paper, you may discuss the rapid growth of private health communities, medical tourism in Asian countries, world standards of care and hospitality, and their influence on the development on the health tourism in general. Besides, it is important to discuss the rapid growth and development of the latest medical technologies and their influence on the development of health tourism in particular countries. 11. Trends in the Tourism Sector in Asian Countries Because Asian countries are famous for their nature and different attractions, they are still popular among tourists from all over the world. In this way, you may research economic opportunities of different Asian regions and their relation to the flow of tourists and evaluate future expansion in travels. All the necessary information may be found in specialized economic and tourism journals and books. 12. Quality of Hotels as the Most Decisive Factor in Attracting Tourists in the United Kingdom In this paper, you may discuss the quality of hotels as one of the most influential factors on the development of tourism in different regions of the UK. To conduct this research, it is necessary to collect the related information for the last several years, evaluate it thoroughly, and make a conclusion supported with facts and figures taken from official reports and specialized articles. 13. Environmental Factors That Influence Tourist Decisions This topic requires the researcher to discuss such environmental factors that influence tourist decisions as natural resources, natural environment, settings for relaxations and sports activities, and general and supportive infrastructures. In addition, it is important to evaluate such factors as social environment and tourism services, and facilities as they appear to be decisive for a significant number of tourists from different countries. 14. Ecotourism and Its Advantages to the Local Businesses Ecotourism has been developed rapidly for recent years. Because of the rapid growth, it provides significant economic opportunities to the local businesses, in this way, attracting investments, increasing the flow of tourists, and providing people with jobs. In addition, ecotourism allows local businesses to develop their production of eco products and improve supportive infrastructure. A lot of information on ecotourism and related topics may be found in special official reports and the official site of the particular communities. 15. Black or Dark Tourism and Its Impact on the Local Economy Black or dark tourism is a kind of tourism that involves visiting different places of significant tragedies and deaths. One of the greatest examples is the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland, Poenari Castle in Romania, and the Catacombs of Paris. Because many people visit these places annually, the local economy obtains a range of benefits from this type of tourism. Therefore, in order to conduct research, you may research official statistics, official reports, and articles in specialized journals. 16. Black or Dark Tourism as the Issue of Ethical Correctness Black or dark tourism is one of the most significant issues of ethical correctness as it promotes people to visit different places of significant tragedies and deaths. Therefore, this issue may become a great topic for the tourism research paper as it allows discovering the advantages and disadvantages of this type of tourism and evaluating its ethical correctness. 17. Terrorism and Its Effects on the Tourism Industry Terrorism has a considerable impact on the development of particular regions as terrorist attacks prevent tourists from visiting different popular places. Usually, people prefer not to risk and visit some other place or even some other country not to risk their lives and obtain only positive emotions from the trip. In this way, you may research regions where terrorism has had a negative influence on the development of the tourism industry, like Pakistan or Turkey, and make valuable conclusions on the point supported with statistical facts. 18. Brand Awareness as the Decisive Factor in the Hotel Industry The brand concept is a decisive factor in the development of the hotel industry. Therefore, you may research the concept of different successful brands in the industry, define their competitive features, and evaluate the influence of brand awareness on tourists. All the required information may be found in related books and articles on the hotel industry and its development. 19. Educational Tourism and Its Development in European Countries Educational tourism remains to be popular among students, school graduates, and their parents. Because the European system of education is well developed, and it provides high-quality knowledge, educational tourism is developed among the largest educational centers in Europe. In order to research the point, you may evaluate some statistical data, use information provided in specialized journals, and refer to books on educational tourism in Europe. 20. Tsunamis and Their Influence on the Tourism Industry in Malaysia Tsunamis have a significant influence on the tourism industry in Malaysia as they decrease the flow of tourists, tend to ruin supportive infrastructure, and decrease economic development within the country. The research paper on the point may be grounded on the official reviews of tsunamis in Malaysia, official reports provided by the government of the country, related articles published in specialized journals, and a number of previous research on the point. Conclusion Today, tourism is subdivided into large international and domestic branches, in this way, having a considerable impact on the development of the economy in different regions. Therefore, it provides a vast range of challenging and interesting topics and ideas to discuss and evaluate. You should remember that the topic should be narrow to ensure you can develop it properly, provide the reading audience with all the related information, and make comprehensive conclusions of the point. Besides, it is necessary for a student to ground research on reliable sources and use facts and pieces of evidence as support materials. Moreover, the paper should be written according to the instructions of the professor and contain citations of the materials used. As a result, conducting research for the tourism research paper allows learning a lot of captivating information about tourism in different countries, discover different types of tourism, witness its sufficient economic and social influence on the local and international communities, and use related facts and figures found in reliable sources. Finally, writing a tourism research paper allows you to understand the industry and its domestic and international branches better and learn basic principles of work with tourists, best approaches to manage historical places, and considerable differences in conducting tourism business in Europe, Asia, Africa, and other continents.

An In-Depth Review of Star Reading Assessment Program

An In-Depth Review of Star Reading Assessment Program Star Reading is an online assessment program developed by Renaissance Learning for students typically in grades K-12. The program uses a combination of the cloze method and traditional reading comprehension passages to assess forty-six reading skills across eleven domains. The program is used to determine a student’s overall reading level as well as identify a students individual strengths and weaknesses. The program is designed to provide teachers with individual student data, quickly and accurately. It typically takes a student 10–15 minutes to complete an assessment, and reports are available immediately upon completion. The assessment consists of approximately thirty questions. Students are tested on foundational reading skills, literature components, reading informational text, and language. Students have one minute to answer each question before the program automatically moves them to the next question. The program is adaptive, so the difficulty will increase or decrease based on how a student performs. Features of Star Reading It is easy to set up and use. Star Reading is a Renaissance Learning program. This is important because if you have Accelerated Reader, Accelerated Math, or any of the other Star assessments, you only have to do the set up one time. Adding students and building classes is quick and easy. You can add a class of about twenty students and have them ready to be assessed in about 15 minutes.It correlates with Accelerated Reader. Many schools across the country use Accelerated Reader. To maximize the effect of Accelerated Reader, students should be limited to books that correlate to their specific Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). Star Reading provides teachers with each student’s individual ZPD that can then be entered into the Accelerated Reader program to limit students to books that will not be too easy or too difficult for them to read.It is easy for students to use. The interface is plain and straightforward. This minimizes the chances for a student to be distracted. Student s have two choices when answering the multiple-choice-style questions. They can use their mouse and click on the correct choice, or they can use the A, B, C, D keys that correlate to the correct answer. Students are not locked into their answer until they click next or push the Enter key. Each question is on a one-minute timer. When a student has fifteen seconds remaining, a small clock will begin to flash at the top of the screen, letting them know that time is about to expire for that question. It provides teachers with a tool to easily screen and progress monitor students who need reading intervention. Star Reading comes with a screening and progress monitor tool that allows teachers to set goals and monitor a student’s progress as they move throughout the year. This easy-to-use feature allows teachers to quickly and accurately decide whether they need to change their approach with a particular student or continue doing what they are doing.It has an adaptable assessment bank. The program has an extensive assessment bank that allows students to be assessed multiple times without seeing the same question. In addition, the program adapts to the student as they answer questions. If a student is performing well, then the questions will increasingly become more difficult. If they are struggling, the questions will become easier. The program will eventually zero in on the student’s correct level. Useful Reports Star Reading is designed to provide teachers with useful information that will drive their instructional practices. It provides teachers with several useful reports designed to assist in targeting which students need intervention and what areas they need assistance in. Here are four key reports available through the program and a brief explanation of each: Diagnostic: This report provides the most information about an individual student. It offers information such as the student’s grade equivalent, percentile rank, estimated oral reading fluency, scaled score, instructional reading level, and zone of proximal development. It also provides tips to maximize that individual’s reading growth.Growth: This report shows the growth of a group of students over a specific period of time. This period of time is customizable from a few weeks to months, to even growth over the course of several years.Screening: This report provides teachers with a graph that details whether they are above or below their benchmark as they are assessed throughout the year. This report is useful because if students are falling below the mark, then the teacher needs to change their approach ​with that student.Summary: This report provides teachers with whole group test results for a specific test date or range. This is very useful for comparing mul tiple students at one time. Relevant Terminology Scaled Score (SS)  - The scaled score is figured based on the difficulty of the questions as well of the number of questions that were correct. Star Reading uses a scale range of 0–1400. This score can be used to compare students to each other as well as themselves over time.Percentile Rank (PR) - The percentile rank allows students to be compared to other students nationally that are in the same grade. For example, a student who scores in the 77th percentile scores better than 76% of students in their grade but lower than 23% of students in their grade.Grade Equivalent (GE) - The grade equivalent represents how a student performs compared to other students nationally. For example, a fifth-grade student who scores a grade equivalent of 8.3 scores as well as a student who is in the eighth grade and third month.Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) - This is the range of readability which a student should be required to select books. Reading in this range provides students with t he optimal opportunity to maximize reading growth. Books at this level are not too easy or too difficult for the student to read. ATOS  - A readability formula that uses average sentence length, average word length, vocabulary grade level, and the number of words to calculate the overall difficulty of a book. Overall Star Reading is a very good reading assessment program, especially if you already use the Accelerated Reader program. Its best features are that it is quick and easy to use for teachers and students, and reports can be generated in seconds. The assessment does rely too much on cloze reading passages. A truly accurate reading assessment would use a more balanced and comprehensive approach. However, Star is a great quick screening tool to identify struggling readers or individual reading strengths. There are better assessments available in terms of in-depth diagnostic assessments, but Star reading will give you a quick snapshot of where a student is at any given point.  Overall, we give this program 3.5 out of 5 stars, primarily because the assessment itself isn’t broad enough and there are times where consistency and accuracy are of concern.

Attack Tree Of Computer Security

Attack Tree Of Computer Security This report is introduces about the possible attack for company and it represent by the attack tree diagram. In the company have six computer and internal server. Each computer is using Microsoft window 7. They are using the DVD to store the backup and the router is default setting. Each employee has the email address. Firstly, I will attack the workstation, try to obtain the password illegally and attack the security such as install virus, Trojan, worm and DOS attack. After that, I will attack the dvd to get the dvd and do some malicious action. Obtain the DVD can through the employee, such as bribe or threaten. Malicious action will install the threats into the DVD and spread to other computer when they are using the backup. Then, we will attack the router which is change the WEP or filter the mac address to cause the computer cannot connect to the network. We also can using threats through the router to install into the system, e.g plashing, pharming, DNS cache poisoning and spoo fing. However, I will attack the server using the internal threats and external threats, such as ask a person to disguise a customer to get the information from company, or ask the temporarily customer to be a spy to do some malicious action. Moreover, attack the email using the security threats like phishing, email spam, virus and spam. Then, obtain the email password from the target. Finally, attack the window 7 using hacking tools to destroy the host file from the system and using physical attack to the system and obtain the important data or change the data to make a big lose for the company. All of these attacks will discuss in this report. Introduction and scope Attack tree helps one to understand security issue better, from the stand point of an attacker. Attack trees are a graphical and mathematical construct used to identify most of the attack that will cause the greatest risk to the defender, determine effective strategies decrease the risk in a acceptable level for the de fender, describe the potential attack between the adversary and the defender, provide a communication mechanism for security analysts, capture what is known and believed about the system and its adversaries, and store the information in a diagram that can be understood for the subsequently defenders. Although it is very hard to identify the entire possible factor that leads to intuition, it is based on the experiences and the ability to extrapolate how the experiences apply on the new situation.  For example, the effectiveness of internet security, network security, banking system security, installation and personnel security may all be modelled using attack trees. The ideal of attack tree is that an equipment, software, process could have vulnerabilities that when successful, they could compromise the entire system. Scope There are six computers and one internal server and each computer encompasses Microsoft Window 7 and Microsoft Office 2007. Each workstation has been patched wi th all updates of March 25, 2010. They are using ADSL 2+ connection. The server and workstation backup is store in a DVD. All the employees have email addresses and there share the document through a D-Link DNS-323 NAS. The router is utilising default settings and consists of a D-Link DSL G604t. Each workstation is utilising Microsoft Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool.

Analyze the Sochi 2014 Olympics game,pairs figure skating,Russian Essay

Analyze the Sochi 2014 Olympics game,pairs figure skating,Russian player, - Essay Example The main goal of this team is to outscore its main opponents and emerge as clear winners. The fact that Russia is the hosts means that fans will come out in large numbers and support the team. The team has six members. One of them is Vera Bazarova. She is twenty-one years old and has already competed in a number of events despite her young age. She has competed at the Olympic winter games, world championships, European championships and the grand prix final. Vera loves reading, cooking and going out. She is still a student who started her sporting career in 1997. The main reason that made her to start this sport was to improve her poor health. Her main coach is Nina Mozer. Ksenia Stolbova is another team member. She is twenty-two years old and has already taken part in other championships, as well. She is a student who loves shopping and spending time with friends. She began the sport in 1997, as well. Maxim Trankov is another senior member who is thirty years old. He has lots of experience having competed in several competitions. He loves hip-hop music, using computers and reading. He studied at the Moscow State University. He is fluent in English and Russian. In 2011, h e injured his shoulder while in training. Additionally, he suffered from swelling in his right arm at the 2008 world championships. Fedor Klimov is another member of the team. He is twenty-three years old and has taken part in various competitions as well. He loves football, watching television and relaxing. In 2013, he missed some two and half months of action due to injury. The coach for the team is Nina Mozer. She was born in 1964. The team is mainly characterized by both experience and athleticism. The youngest member is aged 21 while the oldest ages 30. The older members have taken part in other events, in the past. The organization of the team is even, and external influences

Organizational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Organizational Behaviour - Essay Example A leader influences others by his qualities, viz. confidence, communicative ability, awareness of his impact on others as well as perceptions about the situation and his subordinates. The effect of a leader's background experiences, his communication ability, self-awareness, confidence, his perceptions of subordinates, the situation and the self are shown below. (Prasad, 2006 264) Almost every aspect of work is influenced by, if not dependent on, leadership. The leader is the chief communicator to people outside the group as well as within the group. The leader's attitude and behaviour affects the motivation of the group. The leader is responsible for seeing that the group's objectives are clearly understood and are accomplished. The planning and control mechanisms are designed or modified by the leader. How the leader behaves influences employees' satisfaction and affects the quality and quantity of output. All leaders have three limiting factors to contend with. Firstly, they are limited by their own ability, by their knowledge, skills, attitudes, weaknesses and inadequacies. Secondly, they are limited by the level of experience, skills, proficiencies and attitudes of their subordinates. Finally, they are limited by their environment. This includes the resources and conditions, which are available to them in their effort to achieve their objectives. All these factors are constantly changing. Leadership is a vital and dynamic function in organizations. The quality of leadership is a key factor in the accomplishment of the organization's objectives. It is generally recognized that certain types of leaders suit certain situations better than others. For example, some leaders perform better in a prosperous, or growth, period, others in an austere or contracting period. LEADERSHIP STYLES Leadership styles are the patterns of behaviour, which a leader adopts in influencing the behaviour of his followers (subordinates) in the organisational context. These patterns emerge in the leader as he begins to respond in the same fashion under similar conditions; he develops habits of actions that become somewhat predictable to those who work with him. There are many dimensions of leadership styles: power dimension where superior uses varying degree of authority; orientation -employee or task-oriented; motivational-where superior affects the behaviour of his subordinates either by giving a reward or by imposing a penalty. All these styles are leader of oriented. Leadership style is the result of leader's philosophy, personality, experience and value system. It also depends upon the types of followers and the organisational atmosphere prevailing in the enterprise. There may be situations and follower-oriented styles. However, such a classification may not be strict because

Reflective account of two placement experiences Essay

Reflective account of two placement experiences - Essay Example mental balance and wellbeing. For instance, I was assigned to care for a service user with dementia. Accordingly, such individuals require specialized arenas of care, as they are medically categorized as being amongst the most prone of individuals in society (Darling, 2011:642). It hence takes individual input, gradual experience, acquired expert knowledge and excellent communication skills to effectively function in such a setting (Jasper, 2003:24). With no form of experience, expertise, expert knowledge and internship, I experienced amongst others nervousness and lack of confidence that made me scared. In dealing with such individuals, the lack of confidence did not aid much as provision of care for the service users, required individuals (medical students and professionals) who had a better idea of how to handle such service users. In such a setting, the presence of medical professionals was crucial, as the service users were not capable of helping themselves (Eva & Regehr, 2005:S47). Even with the presence of other first year nursing students, the lack of expert knowledge and experience hampered my overall handling of existing service users. I however take solace in the fact that if functioning in such situations was not with its high and low moments, I would invariably feel not effectively utilized in such clinical settings (Sandars, 2009:687). It was difficult for me to feed them, give them medication or any other care they needed because of the violent behavior that made me even more scared especially for the fact that I lacked experience. It was difficult even to get close to them at first because I was not confident and thought they would beat me up or even worse bite me. However, with time I overcame such issues as my mentor modeled me. She instructed me on what to do on top of the fact that I saw what she was doing and adapted slowly. I was not knowledgeable of such conditions but after

Work Placement in Hailong Hotel (Learning Log) Essay

Work Placement in Hailong Hotel (Learning Log) - Essay Example They must possess the necessary skills and knowledge so that the person can fit into any kind of organisation and help the organisation at attaining the goals of the organisation. The table below helps to comprehend how competent enough I am for the job in which I am presently working. Numerous kinds of skills are generally to be possessed by the individual prior to entering the workplace. These numerous skills include problem solving ability, time management, communication skills written, decision making skills, organisational skills, leadership and motivation among others. It can be analysed that I am quite competent enough in terms of adaptability, self motivation, tolerance, and negotiation skills. I also find myself proficient enough in dealing with large amount of data which is considered as one of the most significant skills for a person in an organisation. I am also competent enough in resolving the problems and planning. Most of the organisations state the fact that it is qu ite significant for the employees to possess problem solving as well as planning skills since the employees possessing these two skills can assist in attaining the goals of the organisation and can help in maintaining sustainable advantage.... ning v Desire to achieve/motivation v Curiosity v Deep understanding v General knowledge v Relevant work experience v Equipped for continuous education v Problem setting ability v Ability to use IT v Knowledge of the organisation v Specialist factual knowledge v Prior knowledge of the job v Knowledge of social/political issues v It can be analysed that I am quite competent enough in terms of adaptability, self motivation, tolerance, and negotiation skills. I also find myself proficient enough in dealing with large amount of data which is considered as one of the most significant skills for a person in an organisation. I am also competent enough in resolving the problems and planning. Most of the organisations state the fact that it is quite significant for the employees to possess problem solving as well as planning skills since the employees possessing these two skills can assist in attaining the goals of the organisation and can help in maintaining sustainable advantage. However, I find myself less competent in terms of time management, team work as well as leadership potential. Efficient time management is vital in order to attain the tasks of the organisation and to evade wasting the valuable organisation assets. Leadership as well as team management are all about being capable of directing a team to perform the best that it can. Team management is about the capability to obtain the best from the workforce. Leadership can also be observed to be a process of making oneself to be looked upon as an example in any organisation. The organisations cannot run efficiently without a good leader. Similarly, it is also significant to possess skills related to proper team management. Therefore, in order to place myself in a better organisation I need to equip myself with the

Change of Focus For Your Financial Organisation From Transactional to Essay

Change of Focus For Your Financial Organisation From Transactional to Relationship Marketing - Essay Example II. Background â€Å"Today’s financial services customers is a ‘Butterfly Customer’, sceptical, and not loyal to any product or company, and yours only until the next good thing comes along† (O’Dell & Pajunen, 2008, p.24). Because of this, HSBC requires a sound methodology for conducting market research to ensure more customer volume increases. HSBC Australia conducts routine customer-related surveys to gain quantitative information about the brand in the eyes of customers, willingness to recommend HSBC over other target competition, and a variety of customer service feedback systems. Refer to Appendix A for a chart of survey results associated with intent to recommend HSBC from the company’s 2010 annual report which highlights the very low level of word-of-mouth HSBC can rely on based on this quantitative information. Financial services at HSBC include personalized planning from HSBC financial planners in areas of superannuation, retirement p lanning, wealth creation, borrowing for investment purposes, and personal insurance policies (hsbc.com.au, 2011). Since it has been determined that HSBC is not meeting its Board-mandated sales results in gaining customer loyalty for using HSBC for its financial planning, the business must revamp its current marketing strategies and change its current format of reliance on market research tools. Tightening of monetary policies from the government has a very hard impact on interest rates during a recession. This makes investment less attractive to customers and they instead seek bank loans (Bolton & Freixas, 2006). It has been established that HSBC outperforms most of its Australian competition in banking, and it is necessary to try to restore confidence in target consumers to ensure that existing banking customers and new customers choose HSBC for its financial planning and investment services offerings. III. Discussion It is being proposed that HSBC conduct a new type of market rese arch program that includes qualitative data in the form of questionnaires rather than the traditional survey format. Qualitative research provides key insights into emotional capacity of consumers, their confidence in banking and investment, and also serves to uncover the psychological dimensions of what is driving such a high resistance to financial planning services. Why is this a preferred research format over the survey currently being utilized? Financial investment services represent risk to the consumers. Financial decision making is driven by the willingness to accept risk along with intuitive factors, such as trust in a brand, as well as data and options analyses (fsa.gov.uk, 2005, p.9). Intuitive factor is the key phrase in this proposal, since most of this is based on sociological or psychological factors which determine how a consumer structures and plans their investment strategies. Identifying which financial services planners best fit the buyer needs is a very elongate d search process that include pricing, perceptions of reliability, service quality, and many other factors (Laffey & Gandy, 2009). The longer a search process takes, the less chance a brand has of gaining consumer interest immediately in areas of promotion. The data gleaned from qualitative research

Reflective account of two placement experiences Essay

Reflective account of two placement experiences - Essay Example mental balance and wellbeing. For instance, I was assigned to care for a service user with dementia. Accordingly, such individuals require specialized arenas of care, as they are medically categorized as being amongst the most prone of individuals in society (Darling, 2011:642). It hence takes individual input, gradual experience, acquired expert knowledge and excellent communication skills to effectively function in such a setting (Jasper, 2003:24). With no form of experience, expertise, expert knowledge and internship, I experienced amongst others nervousness and lack of confidence that made me scared. In dealing with such individuals, the lack of confidence did not aid much as provision of care for the service users, required individuals (medical students and professionals) who had a better idea of how to handle such service users. In such a setting, the presence of medical professionals was crucial, as the service users were not capable of helping themselves (Eva & Regehr, 2005:S47). Even with the presence of other first year nursing students, the lack of expert knowledge and experience hampered my overall handling of existing service users. I however take solace in the fact that if functioning in such situations was not with its high and low moments, I would invariably feel not effectively utilized in such clinical settings (Sandars, 2009:687). It was difficult for me to feed them, give them medication or any other care they needed because of the violent behavior that made me even more scared especially for the fact that I lacked experience. It was difficult even to get close to them at first because I was not confident and thought they would beat me up or even worse bite me. However, with time I overcame such issues as my mentor modeled me. She instructed me on what to do on top of the fact that I saw what she was doing and adapted slowly. I was not knowledgeable of such conditions but after

Change of Focus For Your Financial Organisation From Transactional to Essay

Change of Focus For Your Financial Organisation From Transactional to Relationship Marketing - Essay Example II. Background â€Å"Today’s financial services customers is a ‘Butterfly Customer’, sceptical, and not loyal to any product or company, and yours only until the next good thing comes along† (O’Dell & Pajunen, 2008, p.24). Because of this, HSBC requires a sound methodology for conducting market research to ensure more customer volume increases. HSBC Australia conducts routine customer-related surveys to gain quantitative information about the brand in the eyes of customers, willingness to recommend HSBC over other target competition, and a variety of customer service feedback systems. Refer to Appendix A for a chart of survey results associated with intent to recommend HSBC from the company’s 2010 annual report which highlights the very low level of word-of-mouth HSBC can rely on based on this quantitative information. Financial services at HSBC include personalized planning from HSBC financial planners in areas of superannuation, retirement p lanning, wealth creation, borrowing for investment purposes, and personal insurance policies (hsbc.com.au, 2011). Since it has been determined that HSBC is not meeting its Board-mandated sales results in gaining customer loyalty for using HSBC for its financial planning, the business must revamp its current marketing strategies and change its current format of reliance on market research tools. Tightening of monetary policies from the government has a very hard impact on interest rates during a recession. This makes investment less attractive to customers and they instead seek bank loans (Bolton & Freixas, 2006). It has been established that HSBC outperforms most of its Australian competition in banking, and it is necessary to try to restore confidence in target consumers to ensure that existing banking customers and new customers choose HSBC for its financial planning and investment services offerings. III. Discussion It is being proposed that HSBC conduct a new type of market rese arch program that includes qualitative data in the form of questionnaires rather than the traditional survey format. Qualitative research provides key insights into emotional capacity of consumers, their confidence in banking and investment, and also serves to uncover the psychological dimensions of what is driving such a high resistance to financial planning services. Why is this a preferred research format over the survey currently being utilized? Financial investment services represent risk to the consumers. Financial decision making is driven by the willingness to accept risk along with intuitive factors, such as trust in a brand, as well as data and options analyses (fsa.gov.uk, 2005, p.9). Intuitive factor is the key phrase in this proposal, since most of this is based on sociological or psychological factors which determine how a consumer structures and plans their investment strategies. Identifying which financial services planners best fit the buyer needs is a very elongate d search process that include pricing, perceptions of reliability, service quality, and many other factors (Laffey & Gandy, 2009). The longer a search process takes, the less chance a brand has of gaining consumer interest immediately in areas of promotion. The data gleaned from qualitative research

Corrections Trend Evaluation Essay Example for Free

Corrections Trend Evaluation Essay Corrections Trend Evaluation There have been several assorted and strenuous general directions in the midst of the justice system. These general directions contain several topics and debates over the past years. As a nation individuals then study and perceive that the judicial tribunal method is increasing with time and expanding a diverse outlook to examine a better way to keep going ahead. In fact, a study will explain incorporating the past, present, and future of the development and operation of institutional and community based corrections. In addition, this document will speak of, and examine contemporary and impending concerns facing a place or state of confinement prison management today, and the functions, and concerns of alternate correction systems as an expanding trend. Past, Present, and Future These three general directions belong to the improved function of organizations and areas based on corrections (Muraskim Roberts, 2009). A consideration has built an unbroken extension and growth in places of confinement in the 20 – first century. As the cycles continued individuals transformed, and the justice system continued to go forward in the direction of method familiarization. Society at large and correction will continue to be updated (Muraskim Roberts, 2009). During the 1600s a transgression was revised to decrease transgressions through an improvement that contained help to violators, this contained fewer rough treatments to violators and less sympathetic arrangements (Muraskim Roberts, 2009). In the 1700s dispositions became different, however, places of confinement continued to change and capital punishment continued. In fact, at the end of the 1800s there were occurring dilemmas with the rules. In addition, this was the discipline the inmates received, the popu lation of the inmates, the upkeep of places of confinement, and the circumstances in which the inmates lived. Furthermore, by the 1970s the conventional trends of those periods of intervals became what is known today as the justice system (Muraskim Roberts, 2009). Development and Operations of Institutional Corrections In proceeding years the growth if establishments of institutional corrections left no visualization. The outlook of improvements and procedures of institutional corrections is one of several facts that the prisoners were lodged in situations gloomy and dirty. Prisoners were treated rough, and worked very severe. Although today in places of confinement the population of prisoners is still high the prisoners are receiving his or her justice (Community Corrections, 1998). A right of the prisoners is health care. In today’s places of confinement the systems are not run the same. Governing actions and rules dealing with details of procedures are executed effectively not only by the department but also by the law officials. Prisons today are still over populated but no longer gloomy and dirty (Community Corrections, 1998). In fact, prisoners get three meals per day, showers, recreation, use of the prison library, and some technology. In addition, the significance of health care for prisoners is to guarantee prisoners let go from places of confinement are not in a situation in which he or she cannot mask civilization to deadly illnesses. The places of confinement systems decisive objection is to keep the inmates protected from infliction, and to equip the day – to- day requirements that the system of law enforcement permits. In fact, the judicial tribunal needs to halt the inmates from receiving leisure’s, and concentrate on the concerns of why the violators are incarcerated (Community Corrections, 1998). Development and Operations of Community – Based Corrections Future improvements should be effective and used with changes to adapt to communities. Community – based programs began in the 1950s. In the 60s and 70s the programs came to be numerous goals for individuals responsible for making policies and the system of law enforcement tasks. In fact, community – based corrections are for individuals who are not brutal violators proposed by the judicial tribunal system. In addition, the community – bases corrections aid individuals through special areas of the criminal process (Community Corrections, 1998). Options for community – based programs are compelled to the individual but he or she remains in places of confinement. In fact, individuals awaiting appearances are in the custody of another individual until he or she goes to his or her hearing or judgment. In addition, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for example, ankle bracelets are used to inform law enforcement officials on the individual’s position. Furthermore, alternative measures are binding agreements the violator’s takes part in to reply his or her violation. Moreover, the felon may settle for advice, aiding in neighborhoods, giving professional duties to the individuals  injured or donate funds, and if the violator brought infliction or damage to an individual he or she may be required to pay back money to the individuals (Community Corrections, 1998). Current and Future Issues Some of the present topics comforting the judicial tribunal and the judicial tribunal managers are accumulations of false unperformed, postponements, and overcrowding. This generates greater dilemmas in the judicial tribunal method because it solemnly jeopardizes the character and bearings of the judicial tribunal. In fact, the judicial tribunal gets backed up on the case that in turn causes the judicial tribunal to play catch up. In addition, the judicial tribunal systems are not laid out to operate under pressure, and the judicial tribunals are not laid out to perform fast tasks on the cases the judicial tribunal have. Furthermore, when the judicial tribunal tried to play catch up on the numerous caseloads it has there is room for error for example; making mistakes (Court Issues, 2004). Another concern that might ascend is the judicial tribunal is behind on cases an agreement that permits a defendant to plead to a lesser charge is expanded. In fact, an agreement that permits defend ants to plead to a lesser charge provides an opportunity for the judicial tribunal to accept a lesser charge for the individuals. In addition, charge bargains are used when individuals accused with grave transgressions the wrongdoings receives an unusual title to create an agreement that permits a defendant to plead guilty to a lesser charge so the case can be resolved. Furthermore, both of these agreements put the protection of the community at risk (Court Issues, 2004). If the judicial tribunal system is pressured it can bring results for the members of the judicial tribunal system. These interferences can lead to law enforcement releasing the convicted individual, more pressure for law enforcement officials to obtain legal punishments for convicted violators, and more formal statements. In fact, there are several ways for the judicial tribunal to relieve the pressures of the judicial tribunal system for example, the use of applied science. The use of applied science aids law enforcement official to hurry the process for the judicial tribunal because the lower judicial tribunals have control over certain regi ons in the judicial tribunal systems for example, unauthorized substances, violence or physical harm to an individual, agreements or conflicts (Court Issues, 2004). In  addition, there are areas that aid in the many fields in the judicial tribunal for example, injury to the body of an individual, medical providers negligence, and work agreements. Agreements between individuals are not as costly, and easier to use than the use of lawsuits (Court Issues, 2004). Furthermore, individuals in places of confinement are under pressure from the penalties he or she has received from the judicial tribunal. Moreover, in places of confinement the prisoners are given the chance to reestablish his or her wrongdoing when he or she if released on parole (Muraskim Roberts, 2009). With several prisoners in places of confinements troubles are likely to occur for example, the deaths of other individuals. This in turn directs additional injury or abuse to prisoners in the set of agencies established by the government. In fact, prisoners are stripped of his or her essential programs and these circumstances affects places of confinement management because he or she has the obligation to make sure that the requirements, manager’s safety, and the day – to – day procedures are taken care of. In addition, officials in places of confinement are obligated for the employees, and the rehabilitation curriculum in places of confinement (Community Corrections, 1998). Places of confinement are putting more tensions on a set of agencies and processes established by the government to control crime. These circumstances affect and expand the expenses of additional places of confinement, and additional inmates. Prisoners who have moderate punishments and prolonged intervals build additional problems in places of confinement. In fact, additional issues include how the general population views the beliefs those inmates receiving help is not enough, and the resolution for prisoners to prevent additional violations (Muraskim Roberts, 2009). Roles and Issues of alternate Correctional Systems There are tremendous dilemmas when bargaining with correctional systems. Individuals locked up in today’s places of confinement are not working as it should be. The government of politics economic system of corrections and the community at some point can devise the remedy. Crime will continue to go up and violators let go can reestablish hazards to community security (Inayatullah, 2002). In conclusion, the significance of the past, present, and future trends of community – based corrections are to comprehend and raise awareness in the United States. The individuals of a city or town need to have freedom in his or her neighborhood and not felt threatened by inmates released early form places of confinement. In fact, the past, present, and future are sets of agencies established by the government. In addition, community – based corrections need to blend more procedures and discover substance plans of procedures. Furthermore, the set of agencies and processes established by the government to control crime began in the 1950s. Moreover, in the 1700s dispositions became different, and by the 1800s there were occurring dilemmas with the rules. References Communtiy Corrections. (1998). John Howard Society of Alberta, (), . Retrieved from http://johnhoward_ab-ca/pub/c29.ht Court Issues. (2004). , (), . Retrieved from http://facutly.ncwc.edu/mstevens.111/111ec09.htm Inayatullah, S. (2002, May). Working report for comment and scenario development Scanning for correctional futures a report for the department of justice Victoria office of the correctional services commisioner, (), . Retrieved from http://www.metafurture.org Muraskim, R., Roberts, A.R. (2009). Visions of change; Crime and justice in the twenty first century (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, (), .

Water Quality Study of the Semenyih River

Water Quality Study of the Semenyih River Semenyih River is chosen as a sampling site in this study also this river is of particular importance in the study of surface water pollution because effluents from industries, mining, municipal sewage, agricultural and urban run-off are discharged into it bringing about considerable change in the water quality. In addition that, Semenyih River is one of the most important rivers in Selangor because of its importance as resource of water, fishing, and for recreation. B Present Status of the Subject Water is an essential requirement of human and industrial developments and it is one the most delicate part of the environment (Das and Acharya, 2003). In the last few decades, there has been a tremendous increase in the demand for freshwater due to rapid growth of population and the accelerated pace of industrialization (Ramakrishnaiah et al. 2009). Assessment of the quantity and quality of water resources is important in hydro environment. The physical and biological properties of water resources are driven by numerous environmental variables such as climate , water waste effluent (Creek 1999).Water quality indices are intended to provide a simple and understandable tool for managers and decision makers on the quality and possible uses of a given water body. Basically, a (INWQS) attempts to provide a mechanism for presenting a cumulatively derived, numerical expression defining a certain level of water quality (Miller et al.1986). The water quality trends clearly show that the majo rity of water quality parameters were high during wet season compared to dry season(Muhd.Barzani et al. 2008). Anthropogenic activities result in significantly decrease of surface water quality of aquatic systems in watersheds (May et al. 2006). Rivers in a watershed play a major role in assimilating or carrying off municipal and industrial wastewater and runoff from agricultural land. River inflows contribute main pollutants to most rivers in a watershed, thereby tending to induce serious ecological and sanitary problems. On the other hand, rivers constitute the main water resources for domestic, industrial, and irrigation purposes in a watershed. Thus it is imperative to prevent and control river pollution and to have reliable information on the quality of water for effective management. Generally, water-related environmental quality is in bad condition due to a great deal of waste, excessive reclamation, over-fishing, and frequent petroleum spills (Chen et al. 2003). The water quality of rivers is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity in space and time, due to the variety of land cover around them. This often makes it difficult to identify water conditions and pollution sources, which is necessary for effective pollution control and water resource management (Kunwar et al. 2005). Malaysia Department of Environment (DOE) has stated that agriculture and livestock plays a main role in contributing river water pollution among other polluter. Livestock wastewater contains high concentration of organic and inorganic nitrogen compound, pathogenic bacteria and high concentration of ammonia-nitrogen. In addition, animals waste have been well documented to cause severe environmental damage in rivers which nutrient rich waste runoff will reach surface water, where it depletes oxygen and increase the algae production. Beside serious environmental problem, animal waste also may become a source of various diseases such as infectious worm larvae hatched from the worm eggs passed out with the feces; contamination encrusted with organic matter is an ideal breeding ground of harmful bacteria. (Anon 2001). In Malaysia, the riverine ecosystem is of particular interest since river water provides about 98% of the countrys water requirements (Azhar 2000). Therefore, contamination of river waters poses a serious health risk to the public. The monitoring of river water quality is under the responsibility of the Department of Environment Malaysia (DOE 1998). According to Muhamad Barzani et al (2005), Semenyih River showed increase in pollution levels due to human activities which is associated with urbanization, industrialization, agriculture and mining activities. Researchers studied the water quality in the Semenyih River Basin based on many parameters such as BOD, COD, DO, NH3-N, TSS,TDS and others, they stated that the range of deterioration in water quality in the river varied depending on the percentage of change in land-use. So the land -use activities within the basin must be carefully planned and controlled for protect the water resource and quality status. C The Strength and Significance of the Research The significance of this research is to provide some water quality data based on the degree of contamination of the Semenyih River. The strength of this research lies in its specific focus on creation water management study based on INWQS, that can be used as reference to other researchers who is interested in knowing Semenyih River and for the people to be attentive for the health situations. In addition, this research will be benefit for researchers particularly who want to know information about the river. D References Anon. 2001. Water Effluent From Pig Farms In Sabah-A Preliminary Investigation Of The Key Environmental Issue (Unpublished). State Environmental Conservation Department, Sabah. APHA. 1998. Standard methods for the examination of waterwaste 20th ed, America Public Health Association, Washington, DC. Azhar, M.G. 2000. Managing Malaysian Water Resources Development Special Bulletin on Issues of Citizens Health 2000. Corporate Development, Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia, pp: 40-58. Chen, Y .W., Fan, C.X., Katrin,T., et al. 2003. Changes of nutrients and phytoplankton chlorophyll-a in a large shallow lake, Taihu, China: an 8-year investigation. Hydrobiologia,506: 273-279. Creeks.1999.promoting watershed awareness, http://www.aoinstitute.org/sausal.accessed April21,1999. Das, J., Acharya, B.C. 2003. Hydrology and assessment of lotic water quality in Cuttack city, India. Water, Air, Soil Pollut., 150: 163-175. DOE Department of Environment. 1998. Malaysia Environment Quality Report 1998. Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Kunwar, P.S., Amrita, M., Sarita,S. 2005. Water quality assessment and apportionment of pollution sources of Gomti River(India) using multivariate statistical techniques, 538: 355-374. May, A.M., Mutasem, E., Mark, D. S., et al. 2006. Factors influencing development of management strategies for the Abou Ali River in Lebanon. Sci Total Environ, 362: 15-30. Miller,W.W.,Joung, H.M.,Mahannah,C.N.,Garrett.J.R.1986.Identification of water quality differenees in Nevada through index application. J .Environment Quality 15,265-272. Muhd.Barzani Gasim.2008.Water Quality of Several Feeder Rivers between Two Seasons in Tasik Chini ,Pahang .Sains Mal .313-321. Muhd.Barzani,. Ismail, B. S.,Wan, N. A., Muhammad,I.Y,.Marlia,M.H.2005.Water Quality assessment of the Semenyih River basin langor, Malaysia. Jurnal Biosains, 16(1)-95. Nives,S.G.1999.Water Quality Evaluation by Index in Dalmatla, Institute Split,Vukovarska46, 21000Split,Croatia. Okeke, C.O., Igboanua, A.H. 2003. Characteristics and quality assessment of surface water and groundwater recourses of Akwa Town, Southeast, Nigeria. J. Niger. Assoc. Hydrol. Geol., 14: 71-77. Ramakrishnaiah, C.R., Sadashivalah, C. 2009. Assessment of water quality index for the groundwater in Tumkur Taluk, Karnataka State. Indian J. Chem., 6: 523-530. IV RESEARCH APPROACH A Research Methodology This research will be carried out in six stages ,as follows: Stage 1: Literature Review This stage involves a literature review on the status study of water quality in Semenyih River _ level of pollution, spreading, estimation, and the reasons of contamination. Because with the continuous increase of population, the pollutant factors will become increasing. Stage 2: Recognisance survey Based on findings in Stage1, a recognisance survey will be carried out to determine the site of sample stations. The selection will take into consideration the locations that samples will collect from them in Semenyih River. Stage 3: Field work Field work will be carried out at the selected site in Stage 2. Activities will be as the following: the river will be divided into seven stations. In each station two samples will be collected. Water samples will be collected in clean bottles and the samples will be kept in iced store and will be processed at the lab, while the BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand)samples must be collected in black and dark bottles, light can not penetrate it. The following parameters are in-situ parameters that will be measured in the field work. PH. Conductivity. DO (Dissolved Oxygen). Temperature TDS(Total dissolved solids) All these parameters will be carried out in-situ and the equipment must be Calibrated before taking any measurements. Stage 4: Laboratory / Analytical work The following water quality parameters such as (BOD, NO3, NH3-N, PO4, SO4, and E.coli) would be analyzed in the laboratory .all analysis will perform in accordance with standard methods and will conduct within allowable holding times. a- BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand): BOD5 Measures the amount of oxygen used by bacteria and other microorganisms during a five -days period. Water quality samples will be stored in two black bottles .dissolved oxygen in the first bottles will measure in-situ with DO meter and the reading will be recorded as DO1. Second samples will be kept at 20Â °C for five days , dissolved oxygen will measure again as DO5.BOD will be determined from the difference between DO1 and DO5. b- NO3 (Nitrate):Cadmium Reduction Method will use for measurement of nitrate parameter. Fifteen ml water sample will put into measuring cylinder. NitraVer 6 nitrate Reagent Powder Pillow will be added and shaken for three minutes. Then, the solution will be allowed to settle for two minutes. Then, 10 ml water samples will put into cell and added with NitriteVer 3 Nitrite Regent Powder Pillow. Sample cell will recap and shake for 30 seconds. Samples will be analyzed by spectrophotometer HACH 500 with program 351N ,Nitare LR. Ten ml of water will use sample as a blank. c- NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen):Nessler Method will be used for ammonia nitrogen measurement. Water samples (25 ml) and 25 ml deionized water will put in two cylinders and three drops of mineral stabilizer will be added into each cylinder. The cylinders will shake for one minute. Then, three drops of Polyvinyl Alcohol Dispersing Agent will add to the solution. The solution will shake and 1ml of reagent Nessler (K2HgI4) will add and shake again for one minute. All solution will be put into sample cell and analyzed by spectrophotometer HACH DR 500 which is program 380 N, Ammonia, Ness will be selected. Deionized water will use as blank (HACH 2003). d- PO4 (Phosphate): Acid Ascorbic (Phos Ve r 3) Methods will use for measurement of phosphate . Ten ml water sample will be put into cell sample and added with Phos Ver 3 Powder Pillow and shaken for two minutes. Samples will be analyzed by spectrophotometer HACH 500 with program 490 P React, PV. Water sample without treatment will use as a blank. e-SO4 (Sulphate): Sulfa Ver 4 Method will use for sulphate measurement. Ten ml water sample will be put into cell sample and added with Sulfa Ver 4 Powder Pillow and shaken for five minutes. Spectrophotometer HACH DR 500 will use for analysis the sample by program 680 Sulfate. water sample without treatment will use as a blank. . f- Faecal coliform (E. coli) : the membrane filtration technique will be used for the coliforms group, including fecal coliforms. After 24 hours of collection , water samples (10ml)will serially dilute with 90 ml phosphate saline buffer. This method consists of drawing a measured volume of water through a filter membrane fine enough to trap the bacteria, and placing of filter on a growth medium (chromocult coliform agar) in a petri dish. The 0.45Â µm nitro-cellulose membrane will use. After filtration and placing thefilter membrane on the cultural medium. The plates will incubate for 24 hours at 37Â °C. The number of colonies growth at the membrane will be counted and recorded as the colony forming units(CFU) Step-by-step procedures: (1) Collect the sample and make any necessary dilutions. (2) Select the appropriate nutrient or culture medium. Dispense the broth into a sterile Petri dish, evenly saturating the absorbent pad.(3)Flame the Forceps, and remove the membrane from the sterile package. (4) Place the membrane filter into the funnel assembly.(5) Flame the pouring lip of the sample container and pour the sample into the funnel.(6) Turn on the vacuum and allow the sample to draw completely through the filter.(7) Rinse funnel with sterile buffered water. Turn on vacuum and allow the liquid to draw completely through the filter.(8) Flame the forceps and remove the membrane filter from the funnel.(9) Place the membrane filter into the prepared Petri dish.(10) Incubate at the proper temperature and for the appropriate time period.(11) Count the colonies under 10 15 X magnification. (12) Confirm the colonies and report the results. Stage 5: Data compilation and interpretation Data will be compiled as follows: (a) Location of site, (b) Quantity of pollution and expansion in the river, (c) Evaluation of water quality in the river, (d) The reasons of contamination, (e) data will use a suitable statistical analysis programme to process and analyse. Stage 6: Report writing and submission It is anticipated that the project will comprise the following chapters: (a) Introduction, (b) Objectives and rationales of the study, (c) Overview, (d) Methodology and study area description, (e) analysis and discussion of results (f) Conclusion and recommendation for further work. B Research Activities The research activities covering the two-semester period of study are as follows: 1. Literature review (July 2010- October2010) A literature review on the status study of water quality at Semenyih River- level of pollution, spreading, estimation, and the reasons of contamination. Because with the continuous increase of population around the river, the pollutant factors will become increasing. 2. Recognisance survey (July 2010) Based on the literature review, a recognisance survey will be carried out to determine the site of sample stations. The selection will take into consideration the locations that samples will collect from them in Semenyih River. 3. Field work (July and November2010) Field work will be carried out at the selected after the recognisance survey. Activities include: The river will be divided into seven stations. In each station two samples will be collected. Water samples will be collected in clean bottles and the samples will be kept in iced store and will be processed at the lab, while the BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand) samples must be collected in black and dark bottles, light can not penetrate it. The following parameters will be measured in the field work.(1)PH, (2)TDS, (3) Conductivity, (4) DO (Dissolved Oxygen), (5)Temperature. 4. Laboratory / Analytical work (August2010 and December2010) This part constitutes the following activities: (a) The following water quality parameters such as (BOD, NO3, NH3-N, PO4, SO4, E.coli) would be analyzed in the laboratory .all analyses will perform in accordance with standard methods and will conduct within allowable holding times. (a) BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand): BOD5 Measures the amount of oxygen used by bacteria and other microorganisms during a five-days period, (b) NO3 (Nitrate): Cadmium Reduction Method will use for measurement of nitrate parameter, (c) NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen):Nessler Method will be used for ammonia nitrogen measurement, (d) PO4 (Phosphate): Acid Ascorbic (Phos Ve r 3) Methods will use for measurement of phosphate. (e) SO4 (Sulphate): Sulfa Ver 4 Method will use for sulphate measurement (i) Fecal coliform (E. coli) : the membrane filtration technique will be used for the coliforms group, including fecal coliforms. 5. Data compilation and interpretation (December 2010- February 2011) Data will be compiled as follows: (a) Location of site, (b) Quantity of pollution and expansion in the river, (c) Evaluation of water quality in the river, (d) The reasons of contamination, (e) data will use a suitable statistical analysis programme to process and analyse. 6. Report writing and submission (February April 2011) It is anticipated that the project will comprise the following chapters: (a) Introduction, (b) Objectives and rationales of the study, (c) Overview (d) Methodology and study area description, (e) analysis and discussion of results (f) Conclusion and recommendation for further work. C Key Milestones of the Research The progress of the research will be monitored through three key milestones, as follows: August 2010 Completion of major field work, samples are ready to be analysed. March2011 Completion of major laboratory and analytical work, data are ready for interpretation. May 2011 Submission of thesis. The research activities are shown in Appendix. D Risks of the Research Risks Degree of Risks Effect of weather on the sampling programme very Low (Time-related risk) Shortage of time low V BENEFITS OF THE RESEARCH It is anticipated that the findings of this research will benefit the following sectors: Knowledge From this study we will know pollution status at Rompin River and the sources that caused this pollution. In the future, the findings for this research may be benefit for people who live on the two sides of the river. Public and Private Sectors This study could be one of the components to built management control methods that may be more effective and economic.